Oracle MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句是一个高级分析功能,用于在行序列上应用模式识别
MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句的语法如下:
SELECT [column_list] FROM table_name MATCH_RECOGNIZE ( [PARTITION BY partition_columns] [ORDER BY order_columns] [MEASURES measure_expressions] [ONE ROW PER MATCH] [AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition] [PATTERN (pattern_expression)] [DEFINE define_expressions] )
参数说明:
PARTITION BY partition_columns
:将输入数据按照指定的列进行分区。ORDER BY order_columns
:指定输入数据的排序方式。MEASURES measure_expressions
:定义输出结果中的度量值,可以包括标量函数、聚合函数等。ONE ROW PER MATCH
:指定每个匹配项只返回一行结果。AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition
:定义在当前匹配项之后跳过多少行,可选值有:SKIP TO NEXT ROW(默认值)、SKIP PAST LAST ROW、SKIP TO FIRST variable_name、SKIP TO LAST variable_name。PATTERN (pattern_expression)
:定义要匹配的模式,包括事件、量词、逻辑操作符等。DEFINE define_expressions
:定义模式中使用的变量及其条件。
以下是一个简单的示例:
SELECT * FROM orders MATCH_RECOGNIZE ( PARTITION BY customer_id ORDER BY order_date MEASURES FIRST(A.order_date) AS first_order_date, LAST(B.order_date) AS last_order_date ONE ROW PER MATCH AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW PATTERN (A B) DEFINE A AS A.amount > 1000, B AS B.amount < 500 )
这个查询从orders表中查找每个客户的第一笔大于1000元的订单(A)和紧随其后的小于500元的订单(B),并返回第一笔订单的日期和最后一笔订单的日期。