Go语言并发编程怎样保证一致性

?Go???,????????????,??????????:

1. ?????(Mutex):??????????,???????????????(goroutine)?????????Go?sync????Mutex???,????????????Lock()????,Unlock()?????

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
)

var counter int
var lock sync.Mutex

func increment() {
	lock.Lock()
	counter++
	lock.Unlock()
}

func main() {
	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()
			increment()
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Println("Counter:", counter)
}

2. ?????(RWMutex):?????????????????,???????????????Go?sync????RWMutex???,????????????RLock()?????,RUnlock()?????,Lock()?????,Unlock()??????

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
)

var data map[string]string
var rwLock sync.RWMutex

func readData(key string) {
	rwLock.RLock()
	value := data[key]
	rwLock.RUnlock()
	fmt.Println("Read:", value)
}

func writeData(key, value string) {
	rwLock.Lock()
	data[key] = value
	rwLock.Unlock()
}

func main() {
	data = https://www.yisu.com/ask/make(map[string]string)"hljs">func(i int) {
			defer wg.Done()
			key := fmt.Sprintf("key%d", i)
			value := fmt.Sprintf("value%d", i)
			writeData(key, value)
		}(i)
	}

	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go func(i int) {
			defer wg.Done()
			key := fmt.Sprintf("key%d", i)
			readData(key)
		}(i)
	}

	wg.Wait()
}

3. ??????(atomic):???????????????,????????????????????Go?sync/atomic????????????,?AddInt32()?CompareAndSwapInt32()??

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
)

var counter int32
var wg sync.WaitGroup

func increment() {
	atomic.AddInt32(&counter, 1)
}

func main() {
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()
			increment()
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Println("Counter:", counter)
}

4. ????(channel):???Go????????????,??????????????????,??????????????????

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
)

func worker(wg *sync.WaitGroup, ch chan int) {
	defer wg.Done()
	for i := range ch {
		fmt.Println("Received:", i)
	}
}

func main() {
	ch := make(chan int, 100)
	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}

	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go worker(&wg, ch)
	}

	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		ch <- i
	}
	close(ch)

	wg.Wait()
}

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