python go爬虫如何进行错误处理-乐工具技术知识

在Python中，使用Go语言进行网络爬虫的错误处理，可以通过以下几种方式实现：

使用try-except语句捕获异常：

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def get_html(url):
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        response.raise_for_status()  # 如果请求失败，抛出异常
        return response.text
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"请求错误：{e}")
        return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"其他错误：{e}")
        return None

def parse_html(html):
    try:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
        # 解析逻辑
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"解析错误：{e}")

url = "https://example.com"
html = get_html(url)
if html:
    parse_html(html)

使用日志记录错误：

import logging
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

logging.basicConfig(filename='error.log', level=logging.ERROR)

def get_html(url):
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        response.raise_for_status()
        return response.text
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        logging.error(f"请求错误：{e}")
        return None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(f"其他错误：{e}")
        return None

def parse_html(html):
    try:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
        # 解析逻辑
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(f"解析错误：{e}")

url = "https://example.com"
html = get_html(url)
if html:
    parse_html(html)

使用第三方库（如ratelimiter）限制爬虫速度，避免触发目标网站的限制策略，从而减少错误：

from ratelimiter import RateLimiter
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

rate_limiter = RateLimiter(max_calls=10, period=1)

def get_html(url):
    try:
        with rate_limiter:
            response = requests.get(url)
            response.raise_for_status()
            return response.text
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"请求错误：{e}")
        return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"其他错误：{e}")
        return None

def parse_html(html):
    try:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
        # 解析逻辑
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"解析错误：{e}")

url = "https://example.com"
html = get_html(url)
if html:
    parse_html(html)

通过这些方法，可以有效地处理Python Go爬虫中的错误。