如何配置shiro框架权限管理-乐工具技术知识

Apache Shiro是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架，用于身份验证、授权、加密和会话管理。以下是配置Shiro框架权限管理的基本步骤：

1. 添加依赖

首先，在你的项目中添加Shiro的依赖。如果你使用的是Maven，可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖：


    org.apache.shiro
    shiro-core
    1.7.1


    org.apache.shiro
    shiro-spring
    1.7.1

2. 配置Shiro

创建一个Shiro配置类，通常命名为ShiroConfig.java。在这个类中，你需要配置Shiro的核心组件，包括SecurityManager、Realm、Filter等。

import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.jdbc.JdbcRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        // 配置数据源
        return ...;
    }

    @Bean
    public AuthorizingRealm authorizingRealm() {
        JdbcRealm jdbcRealm = new JdbcRealm();
        jdbcRealm.setDataSource(dataSource());
        jdbcRealm.setPermissionsLookupEnabled(true);
        return jdbcRealm;
    }

    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(authorizingRealm());
        return securityManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 配置过滤器链
        Map filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/admin/**", "authc");
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "anon");
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);

        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }
}

3. 定义权限和角色

在你的数据库中定义权限和角色。例如，你可以创建一个roles表和一个permissions表，然后在authorizingRealm中配置这些表。

import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class AuthorizingRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
        String username = (String) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();

        // 查询用户权限
        Set permissions = getPermissionsFromDatabase(username);

        SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        authorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);
        return authorizationInfo;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
        UsernamePasswordToken upToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
        String username = upToken.getUsername();

        // 查询用户信息
        User user = getUserFromDatabase(username);

        if (user == null) {
            throw new UnknownAccountException("用户不存在");
        }

        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), getName());
    }

    private Set getPermissionsFromDatabase(String username) {
        // 从数据库中获取用户权限
        // 返回权限集合
    }

    private User getUserFromDatabase(String username) {
        // 从数据库中获取用户信息
        // 返回用户对象
    }
}

4. 配置Spring集成

确保你的Spring应用能够扫描到Shiro配置类。你可以在Spring Boot应用中使用@ComponentScan注解来扫描配置类。

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.example")
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}